Introduction to Ischemic Heart Disease
نویسنده
چکیده
The heart is the vital organ that tirelessly pumps oxygenated blood from the lungs to the organs and peripheral tissues via the circulatory system. In return, deoxygenated blood is returned via the heart and the pulmonary circulation to the lungs to expel waste carbon dioxide (figure 1). The average human heart beats approximately 72 beats per minute totalling around 2.5 billion beats in a 66-year lifespan. The human heart weighs 250-300g in females and 300-350g in males. The heart is located in the mediastinum of the thorax, anterior to the vertebrae and posterior to the sternum. Archosaurs (crocodilians and birds) as well as Mammalia species show complete separation of the heart into two pumping units comprised of four distinct chambers. The myogenic musculature of the heart is supplied by the coronary arteries and the entire organ is held within the pericardial sac.
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